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Social and Environmental Factors Causing Obesity in Children

In recent years, rates of childhood obesity in the UK have remained consistently high and the percentage of children aged between two and fifteen years’ old classed as obese from 16% in 2008, to 19% in 2010. From what we know by World Health Organization, there were nearly 40 million children under 5 years’ old overweighed in 2010 across the world. Obesity is a medical condition that children who carry excess body fat accumulated which may have a negative impact on health. This problem is mostly caused by constantly consuming more calories from food and drink than their body uses and not doing enough physical exercises. It is well known that children often will need to take in more calories than they use, as the extra energy taken are used for their growing up. However, regularly take in too much energy without doing enough physical activities will result the energy being stored as fat and they will put on excess weight. Children need a balanced diet in order to grow up healthily. Because of this, WHO banned the advertising of certain unhealthy food through media aimed primarily at children. They also assume that children can be influenced by many social and environmental factors as they are still developing their cognitive abilities to recognise and manage their emotions or feelings; Secondly, they may put their own needs and interests above those of others, as they are very spontaneous and self-centred. While watching some advertising on TV, they might be easilyShow MoreRelatedThe International Study Of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle And The Environment ( Isole ) Design And Methods1470 Words   |  6 Pagesobese children: A questionnaire survey of general practitioners and parents in England (Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health). 2. Paper 2: Features of the built environment related to the Physical activity friendliness and Children’s Obesity and other risk factors (Public Health Nursing). 3. Paper 3: The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISOLE) design and methods. Using primary research method, Paper 1 investigated the prevalence of overweight/obesity in childrenRead MoreThe Effect Of Obesity On The New Zealand1397 Words   |  6 PagesThe Factors that Lead to Obesity in New Zealand There is a large variety of environmental factors that have led to the increase in Obesity in New Zealand. This essay will explore the factors that have caused the increase in and how they interlink with each other. There has been a clear trend of this world wide however New Zealand is currently among the highest for the percentage of there population being rated 3rd behind the United States of America and Mexico with 28.4% of our population being consideredRead MoreThe Effects Of Obesity On The Health1393 Words   |  6 Pageshealth is defined as obesity (Royal College of Physicians, 1998). Obesity is a developing condition within the population that already affects 1 in 4 adults in England (NICE, 2006). Internationally, being overweight is linked to a range of harmful health problems such as diabetes and heart disease. Obesity can be explained through the use of the nature-nurture debate, as it can be caused by both elements. In this essay, examples and facts will be discussed wh ich show that obesity is a result of heredityRead MoreChildhood Obesity And Its Effects On Children And Adolescents1427 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review Many children living in the world are well nourished and consume foods that contain sufficient amounts of protein, carbohydrate, fat and micronutrients in order to meet their nutritional requirements. However, there has been a downfall of recommended dietary standards considerably fallen short within children’s diets. Furthermore, an insignificant diet as well as physical inactivity, results in an energy imbalance and can lead to a major social issue of childhood obesity. The World HealthRead MoreCauses Of Obesity In Western Countries1251 Words   |  6 Pages Obesity in Western Countries: Causes and Implications Over the past two-decades obesity has risenn at an alarming rate globally and now is reaching epidemic proportions in the western and industrialized countries†¦ USA. Obesity prevalence in the United states is among the highest globaly as its obesity rate is projected to climb from today’s 30-40% today to a shocking 70% in 20301 . In particular, childhood obesity exhibited the highest growth rate today, tripling the percentage of children overRead MoreAre We Taking It Too Far by Blaming Fast Food Restaurant for Obesity?1285 Words   |  6 PagesAre we taking it too far by blaming fast food restaurant for obesity? Although throughout the years many people have claimed that obesity is a genetic disorder for the most part; results of recent studies strongly indicate that lifestyles rather than genetics are what are causing an obese society, because people choose to not exercise, not watch their diet, and eat fast food. For the past few decades, food companies had aimed their marketing at single meals, pushing to inflate portion sizes. ThatRead MoreChildhood Obesity And Its Effect On The Health Of Human Beings Essay1354 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: CHILDHOOD OBESITY​​1 Childhood Obesity Name: Institution: Date:  Childhood Obesity Introduction Obesity is unusual or excessive fat accumulation that affects the health of human beings. It is connected with disorders such as hypertension and diabetes. Obesity is also a state of imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Moreover, genetics plays a greater role in the etiology of obesity with the tendency of increasing weight easily until it exceeds 10% than recommendedRead MoreObesity And Methods Of Prevention1631 Words   |  7 PagesOmer Professor Pozos Biology 100 9 December 2014 Obesity and Methods of Prevention In the United States alone, there are more than 78.6 million obese adults. Obesity is a disease that is growing rapidly and has the ability to rip families apart due to the massive destruction it causes to one’s health. Obesity is a very deadly disease and it needs to be stopped. But are there ways to prevent it and save many lives? In this essay, I will explain obesity from a biological perspective and state the differentRead MoreThe Ecological Model Of Health1154 Words   |  5 PagesThe Ecological Model of Health, sometimes also called The Social-Ecological Model, is one of the main models and theories that underpin the practice of health promotion. Defined by the Institute of Medicine as a model of health that emphasizes the linkages and relationships among multiple factors (or determinants) affecting health†, that ecological framework is based on the premise that no single factor can fully explain the variations, the prevalence and the complexity patterns of disea ses, asRead MoreThe Social Consequences Of Being Obese905 Words   |  4 PagesPrejudice occurs in everyday life. The social consequences of being obese are severe. Individuals are targets of being stereotyped and stigmatized. Approximately one-third of all children and half of all adults in the UK are above a healthy weight (Mendcentralorg, 2016). For obese adults, research has documented that people who experience weight criticism have a higher chance of experiencing depression, anxiety, social isolation, and poorer psychological adjustment (Obesityorg, 2016). This stigmatization

Mgt 301 Free Essays

Case study page 600: Question one: What has sustained Southwest culture? Southwest Airlines has a strong culture that lasted for 32 years. The organization’s core values are intensely held and widely shared by the whole organization, meaning that all employees believe in and stick to the organizational culture which makes sense why it’s regarded as having a strong culture. Which is reflected through their performance, loyalty and commitment, even when others competitors rose in the market, employees still never left the organization although they demanded better pay. We will write a custom essay sample on Mgt 301 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Other reasons might be: Selection: workers were selected on the basis of having a sense of humour and other qualities but sense of humour has been a basic criterion. Top management: always motivated employees by portraying the airline as the underdog. Also allowing a large portion of the compensation to be in the form of stocks ,therefore sharing profits. Finally the provision of job security. Socialization: as mentioned in the case study that the company encouraged it’s employees too work hard and at the same time have a good time. Question two: Do you think upstart airlines can successfully duplicate this culture? It might be able to duplicate part of the culture but not all of it, since they already penetrated the market with their competitive edges as offering reserved seats, free live-satellite TV, more fuel-efficient planes and younger lower paid workers. Which makes sense why they can hardly see themselves as the underdogs, since they are likely to win being the top dogs of the market. Question three: Now that the company is no longer the underdog what can Southwest’s anagement do to retain it’s high-productivity culture? The organization should motivate employees to work as hard as they were before. The case now is that part of their compensation is cut due to the decrease of their shares’ value and dividends. Which justifies their aggressive demand for having higher wages and less working hours. Southwest should try to enhance it’s service and attract new customers through th e provision of in-flight entertainment, purchasing new jets and other benefits that would make them competitive in the market place. At that, time employees would be able to work harder. Question four: What dose the case imply about sustaining culture in a changing environment? Any organization should constantly evaluate the market for new technological developments and customer’s needs, because changing organizational culture is the hard way. As it involves changing people’s behavior; how they think, how they act and interact with one another in order to achieve the organization’s objectives. How to cite Mgt 301, Papers

Power of Context free essay sample

The Power of Context In Malcolm Gladwell’s â€Å"The Power of Context,† Gladwell states that actions that people commit, whether good or bad, are influenced by the nature of the situation more than their actual intentions. The psychological tendency for our minds to morph mannerisms and behavioral information into character explains the â€Å"context† portion of Gladwell’s theory. Gladwell wanted to prove his theory that by applying his â€Å"Power of Context† theory into the numerous incidents and experiments that were conducted in history. Throughout history, experiments showed that there was a strong correlation between the changes in context with the changes in character. In modern society, people often take impromptu action and abandon their responsibilities as a law-abiding citizen when in a critical situation because the Power of Context states that the human behavior is strongly influenced by its environment. During the 1980s where crime rates were skyrocketing and the subway system was at the brink of closing down, a subway shooting occurred involving a disciplinarian and a law-abiding citizen and four juvenile delinquents. A man named Bernhard Goetz entered the train and sat next to four young black men. These four men were notorious for several crimes, they were the most feared around the area that Goetz lived in; one of the four men, Troy Canty, walked up to Goetz and demanded that Goetz would give him money. Goetz was in a situation where he was about to get robbed and that these four men were not going to stop unless someone stepped up to them and teaches them a lesson and Goetz thought he was the perfect candidate due to his history of being strictly disciplined by his father. Goetz also had a history of being mugged by three people who were also black and subdued one of the attackers after he was robbed. Unfortunately for Goetz the person that was part of the gang that mugged him was released with only a misdemeanor which left Goetz resentful. Gladwell states that Goetz was, â€Å"a man with an authority problem, with a strong sense that the system wasn’t working† (158). Another member of the group, James Ramseur, pointed out to Goetz that he had a weapon in his pocket and Goetz immediately assumed that it was a gun. Goetz then said that he looked up as saw Canty’s eyes, â€Å"eyes were shiny, and he was enjoying himself†¦. He had a big smile on his face† (152). After looking at the mysterious bulge in Ramseur’s pocket and Canty’s eyes Goetz realizes that he was in a kill or be killed situation. Goetz, without hesitation, pulled out his firearm and shot the four young men. The situation now was Goetz had the authority over the four men, he felt empowered by the sense of justice that was flowing through him by putting down the four hoodlums, but in reality Goetz lost his sense of what was right and wrong. Goetz was shrouded by his past and the environment he was in that made him lose his image of being an average citizen. In the 1980s where the subway system was at the brink of closing down, two people, Gunn and Bratton, applied the ‘Broken Windows Theory’ to save the subway system.. Graffiti was a huge factor on why crime was spreading so rapidly in New York City. The sight of a subway car not being maintained gives off a signal to people that the authorities do not care about what goes on in the subway system and Gunn demanded that instead of replacing the old trains, which were constantly vandalized over the years, he wanted to remove the graffiti that was repeatedly painted on the trains. Gunn used this method so that no matter how many times kids tried to put graffiti on the trains that it would worthless and eventually they would cease. After a long and strenuous graffiti cleanup which went over the duration of years, kids began to notice that the subway system began to take action and that trying to continue to vandalize the subway trains would be futile. Bratton on the other hand began to focus on fare-beaters, people who slip through the subway railings without paying, and began to arrest them. Bratton, like Gunn, applied the ‘Broken Window Theory’ and managed to lower crime rates in the subway system and in New York City. Society, before Gunn and Bratton began their experiment, was under the influence of the environment of the subway systems. The authorities had no time to arrest people for minor crimes and since vandalism and fare-beating was such a common practice, people began to feel a sense of anarchy. Regular citizens that stick to the law see most of the populace fare-beating and committing various crimes that they give in to the environment and begin to commit the same crimes as the criminals; therefore, abandoning their responsibilities and roles as model law-abiding citizens. During the 1970s Zimbardo conducted a ‘mock prison’ experiment where he wanted to find out why prisons were such nasty places. In this experiment Zimbardo gathered twenty-five healthy and normal looking people to participate in one of his experiments. At first the prison guards who, â€Å"previously identified themselves as pacifists† (161), became strict and sadistic towards the prisoners. The people that played the role as the prison guards received a sense of authority over the prisoners and felt that they had the right to do whatever they want to the prisoners. The prisoners were very passive about receiving punishment from the guards but later on it became the same case for the prisoners; they slowly began to rebel on the second day of the experiment. The guards forced the prisoners to â€Å"do push-ups, line up against the wall, and perform arbitrary tasks† (161). The prisoners felt that their sense of dignity, humanity, and sanity was stripped away from them as they were performing these tasks. Once a normal, healthy group of people slowly began to lose sight of their identity and morals; furthermore, the people that volunteered to be prisoners and the people that volunteered to be guards slowly began to settle into their roles. Zimbardo called off the experiment, which was supposed to be a two week session, after six days due to multiple signs of breakdowns. After the experiment, the people that volunteered were asked questions about the experiment; one volunteer said that when he was playing the role of a prisoner he lost his inner thoughts and somewhere deep in his heart, his inner prison self emerged and took over. Another volunteer who took the role as a guard stated that he was trying to think of the most creative way to mentally and physically torture the inmates. This experiment shows that society cannot interpret people by their behavior and traits but by the situation and context. The situation of the experiment was so powerful that the volunteers that were mentally and physically healthy turned into something that they thought they would never become. The guards became so lax about torturing prisoners and the prisoners found a reason to rebel; therefore, both the guards and the prisoners believed that it was right to turn away from being a law-abiding citizen into their respective roles. Two Princeton University psychologists, John Darley and Daniel Batson conducted the Good Samaritan experiment to find out whether or not the people who called themselves ‘seminarians’ would stop and help an injured man despite the fact that they had to prepare and present a talk on a given theme of the bible. The experiment produced shocking results; only ten percent of the people that were told that they were late and only sixty-three percent of the people that weren’t late helped the man. People that were told they were late were ostensibly more concerned about preparing the speech than helping the injured man. Even though the seminarians said they are who they are, they literally, as Darley and Batson stated, â€Å"stepped over the victim as he hurried away† (164). In addition, people that were told that they had time a little over half the people went to help the man while the remaining thirty-seven percent of the people ignored the man. This experiment proved that people despite being told the story of the Good Samaritan, only a small handful of people that were told they were late became engrossed at the idea that they had a presentation and that they were late. People are faced with a different situation every day. Whether good or bad it depends on how they interpret it. Gladwell is telling the audience that normal people can often change into people that they never thought of becoming. Law-abiding citizens have their own ways of interpreting the situation and their actions may not always reflect on their everyday behavior. Gladwell emphasizes the relationship between the changes in context with the change in character. His theory states that the nature of character is not determined by their actions or their mentality but by their surroundings. It all depends on the how critical the situation is and how that situation can influence the way people think and act.